Zuke’s Dog Treats Recall 2021: Top 10 Safest Training Treats for 2025

In March 2021, pet parents were jolted by the Zuke’s dog-treat recall after trace levels of propylene glycol triggered a voluntary market withdrawal. The news cycle moved on, but the emotional aftershock lingers: if a legacy “natural” brand can falter, how do we ever know what’s truly safe to drop into a training pouch? The short answer—ingredient literacy, sourcing transparency, and a willingness to read the fine print—has become the new baseline for responsible guardianship.

Below you’ll find a comprehensive playbook that turns that baseline into a repeatable system. We’ll unpack exactly why the 2021 incident still matters, how regulatory language can lull you into false security, and which attributes separate genuinely low-risk training treats from the ones that merely photograph well for Instagram. Consider this your living roadmap for sourcing, storing, and serving rewards that keep tails wagging and minds at ease through 2025 and beyond.

Top 10 Zuke’s Dog Treats Recall 2021

Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats Made with Real Chicken, 16 oz Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treat… Check Price
Zuke`s Mini Naturals Dog Treat Peanut Butter 1lb Zuke`s Mini Naturals Dog Treat Peanut Butter 1lb Check Price
Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats made with Real Beef, 16 oz. Resealable Pouch - 16 oz. Bag Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treat… Check Price
Zuke's Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats Made with Real Peanut Butter - 10 Oz. Pouch Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treat… Check Price
Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Pet Treats made with Real Salmon, 16 oz. Resealable Pouch - 16 oz. Bag Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs of All Siz… Check Price
Zuke’s Mini Naturals Soft And Chewy Dog Treats For Training Pouch, Natural Treat Bites With Beef Recipe - 6 oz. Bag Zuke’s Mini Naturals Soft And Chewy Dog Treats For Training … Check Price
Zuke's Hip and Joint Support Dog Treats for Adult Dogs, Senior Dog Treats Made with Real Peanut Butter and Oats, 6 oz. Resealable Pouch​ - 6 oz. Bag Zuke’s Hip and Joint Support Dog Treats for Adult Dogs, Seni… Check Price
Zuke’s Hip and Joint Support Dog Treats for Adult Dogs of All Sizes, Senior Dog Treats made with Real Beef, 16 oz. Resealable Pouch​ - 16 oz. Bag Zuke’s Hip and Joint Support Dog Treats for Adult Dogs of Al… Check Price
Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Pet Treats made with Real Duck,16 oz. Resealable Pouch - 16 oz. Bag Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs of All Siz… Check Price
Zuke’s Lil’ Links Dog Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Snacking Sausage Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats made with Real Chicken & Apple, 6 oz. Resealable Pouch​ - 6 oz. Bag Zuke’s Lil’ Links Dog Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Snacking… Check Price

Detailed Product Reviews

1. Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats Made with Real Chicken, 16 oz

Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats Made with Real Chicken, 16 oz

Overview: Zuke’s Mini Naturals Chicken Recipe are tiny, soft, 2-calorie training morsels sold in a 16-oz resealable pouch. Marketed for active owners who want a clean, low-calorie reward on hikes, in obedience class, or at home, the treats combine real chicken, cherries, and added vitamins while skipping corn, wheat, and soy.

What Makes It Stand Out: The calorie-to-motivation ratio is excellent; most dogs find the chicken formula irresistible yet owners don’t have to worry about overfeeding during long training sessions. Their thumbnail size means no breaking or crumbling in pockets, and the USA-made, whole-food ingredient list appeals to health-conscious pet parents.

Value for Money: At roughly $0.93/oz you get ~500 treats per pound—about three cents each. Compared to boutique 5-calorie biscuits that cost twice as much, Zuke’s delivers serious repetitions per dollar, especially for multi-dog households or puppy kindergarten courses.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros: ultra-low calorie, soft for seniors and puppies, resealable bag limits drying, chicken is first ingredient, no artificial colors.
Cons: can harden if left open; chicken scent is mild—not stinky enough for the most food-resistant dogs; cherry bits may be unnecessary sugar for strict feeders.

Bottom Line: For consistent, guilt-free rewarding, Zuke’s Chicken Minis set the gold standard. Stock a pouch in every jacket and you’ll never miss a well-timed “yes!” again.



2. Zuke`s Mini Naturals Dog Treat Peanut Butter 1lb

Zuke`s Mini Naturals Dog Treat Peanut Butter 1lb

Overview: Zuke’s Mini Naturals Peanut Butter Recipe offers the same 2-calorie, soy/corn/wheat-free training treat but swaps chicken for peanut butter. The 1-lb bag is ideal for handlers whose dogs go bonkers for nutty aromas or who need a novel protein rotation.

What Makes It Stand Out: Peanut butter is a top canine craving, yet most PB biscuits are huge and greasy. Zuke’s keeps the flavor but ditches the mess, letting you reward liberally without slick fingers or calorie overload—perfect for agility run-throughs or trail runs.

Value for Money: $14.94/lb mirrors the chicken variety, putting cost per treat around three cents. Given boutique PB cookies easily hit $8 for 6-oz, these minis stretch both wallet and waistline.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros: high-value aroma for picky eaters, still only 2 kcal, same tiny size fits treat pouches, vegetarian protein option, USA sourcing.
Cons: peanut butter scent can attract every dog in class; some batches crumble more than chicken; peanut-sensitive households must watch for residue on hands.

Bottom Line: If your dog dreams of licking the Jif jar, this pocket-friendly version keeps training upbeat without the sugar, salt, or fat of people peanut butter. Highly recommended for scent-driven learners.



3. Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats made with Real Beef, 16 oz. Resealable Pouch – 16 oz. Bag

Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats made with Real Beef, 16 oz. Resealable Pouch - 16 oz. Bag

Overview: Zuke’s Mini Naturals Beef Recipe delivers the brand’s trademark 2-calorie soft nibble but centers on real beef as the first ingredient. Offered in a 16-oz resealable pouch, it targets red-meat lovers and owners seeking a chicken-free rotation.

What Makes It Stand Out: Beef is a high-value protein for many dogs yet rarely appears in tiny, low-fat formats. These minis give the steakhouse appeal without rendering your hands greasy or your dog overweight, making them a go-to for distracted adolescents in obedience.

Value for Money: Price wasn’t listed at review time, but assuming parity with chicken/peanut versions (~$15/16-oz), you’ll pay under three cents per treat—exceptional for a beef-based product.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros: novel protein for poultry-allergic dogs, strong beefy scent boosts focus outdoors, still soft for toothless seniors, no by-product meal, USA made.
Cons: aroma can be pungent in warm pockets; color slightly darker—easy to lose in grass; beef supply fluctuations sometimes tighten availability.

Bottom Line: For dogs that yawn at chicken but light up for burgers, the Beef Minis provide an affordable, health-conscious way to keep sessions fun. Stock up when you spot them—beef lovers will work overtime for these morsels.



4. Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats Made with Real Peanut Butter – 10 Oz. Pouch

Zuke's Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats Made with Real Peanut Butter - 10 Oz. Pouch

Overview: Zuke’s Mini Naturals Peanut Butter in a 10-oz pouch is the little sibling of the 1-lb bag, giving small-dog owners or first-time buyers a lower-commitment entry point. Same 2-calorie, soy/corn/wheat-free recipe with real peanut butter and cherries.

What Makes It Stand Out: The smaller pouch minimizes waste if you’re still flavor-testing or have a Chihuahua who trains indoors. You get identical soft texture and nutty aroma without buying half a pound of treats that could stale.

Value for Money: At $9.98 the sticker looks friendlier, but unit cost rises to $15.97/lb—about a dollar more than the 16-oz size. Still inexpensive per piece; just slightly poorer bulk value.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros: perfect trial size, fits Christmas stockings or gift baskets, resealable, same high-value PB smell, low calorie.
Cons: higher price-per-ounce; heavy trainers will burn through 10-oz quickly; some bags contain more crumb dust at this size.

Bottom Line: Buy the 10-oz pouch to confirm your dog’s peanut butter obsession, then graduate to the pound bag for long-term savings. A smart sampler that still beats most boutique brands on price and ingredient quality.



5. Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Pet Treats made with Real Salmon, 16 oz. Resealable Pouch – 16 oz. Bag

Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Pet Treats made with Real Salmon, 16 oz. Resealable Pouch - 16 oz. Bag

Overview: Zuke’s Mini Naturals Salmon Recipe brings ocean protein to the classic 2-calorie training treat. The 16-oz resealable bag targets allergy-prone dogs, skin-and-coat-focused owners, or any pup that goes wild for fish.

What Makes It Stand Out: Salmon offers omega-3s alongside a pungent aroma that cuts through wind and distance, making these minis superb for off-leash recall work or scent-weave games. Yet they remain grease-free and low calorie, a combo rarely found in fish-based goodies.

Value for Money: At $14.99/lb the price aligns with the rest of the line—roughly three cents per treat—making quality fish protein accessible for daily training rather than occasional “jackpot” rewards.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros: novel protein for poultry/beef allergies, natural omegas support coat health, strong smell equals high motivation, still tiny and soft, USA crafted.
Cons: fish scent lingers on fingers; not ideal for indoor mat work if you’re scent-sensitive; salmon can darken with oxidation—store cool and use within six weeks.

Bottom Line: For dogs that need a break from land-based proteins—or owners who want a stinky “gold” for emergency recalls—Salmon Minis deliver premium nutrition and unbeatable focus without breaking the calorie bank. A must-try for active or allergy-minded households.


6. Zuke’s Mini Naturals Soft And Chewy Dog Treats For Training Pouch, Natural Treat Bites With Beef Recipe – 6 oz. Bag

Zuke’s Mini Naturals Soft And Chewy Dog Treats For Training Pouch, Natural Treat Bites With Beef Recipe - 6 oz. Bag

Overview: Zuke’s Mini Naturals Beef Recipe are ultra-low-calorie training nuggets designed for repetitive rewarding without filling up your dog. The 6 oz. pouch delivers roughly 150 quarter-inch squares made from real beef, cherries, and added vitamins/minerals.

What Makes It Stand Out: At only two calories a pop you can dole out dozens during a single session without blowing your pet’s daily calorie budget. The soft, perforated texture lets you split pieces even smaller for toy breeds or precision shaping, while the resealable pouch fits any pocket.

Value for Money: $5.94 feels like pocket change next to boutique treats, yet you’re still buying U.S.-made, corn/wheat/soy-free ingredients. Price per pound looks high on paper, but because each treat is minute you actually get more rewards per dollar than with bulkier biscuits.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros – tiny size perfect for clicker work, real beef first, no greasy residue, resealable bag.
Cons – strong odor straight out of the pouch, pieces can dry and harden if the seal is left open, cherry flavor may tempt counter-surfing cats.

Bottom Line: If you train daily, compete in obedience, or simply own a perpetually hungry hound, these Mini Naturals are the cheapest, healthiest way to keep motivation sky-high without expanding the waistline.


7. Zuke’s Hip and Joint Support Dog Treats for Adult Dogs, Senior Dog Treats Made with Real Peanut Butter and Oats, 6 oz. Resealable Pouch​ – 6 oz. Bag

Zuke's Hip and Joint Support Dog Treats for Adult Dogs, Senior Dog Treats Made with Real Peanut Butter and Oats, 6 oz. Resealable Pouch​ - 6 oz. Bag

Overview: Zuke’s Hip & Joint Peanut Butter treats target adult and senior dogs that need a mobility boost. Each 6 oz. pouch contains soft, oat-based squares fortified with 300 mg glucosamine and 50 mg chondroitin per ounce, plus vitamins E & C for antioxidant support.

What Makes It Stand Out: Functional treats rarely taste good enough to double as high-value training rewards; these do. Real peanut butter headlines the ingredient list, so even picky dogs work enthusiastically while unknowingly supplementing their joints.

Value for Money: At $9.99 the bag costs more than plain biscuits, but comparable joint chews run $20–30 for the same active-compound dosage. You’re essentially getting a joint supplement disguised as a delicious 12-calorie treat.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros – palatable enough to replace pills, U.S.-made, no corn/wheat/soy, resealable pouch.
Cons – oat base crumbles if frozen, calorie count adds up during long training sets, peanut smell can be cloying for humans.

Bottom Line: Owners of aging retrievers, agility veterans, or any dog with early stiffness should keep a pouch in the treat bag; it’s preventive care you can reward with.


8. Zuke’s Hip and Joint Support Dog Treats for Adult Dogs of All Sizes, Senior Dog Treats made with Real Beef, 16 oz. Resealable Pouch​ – 16 oz. Bag

Zuke’s Hip and Joint Support Dog Treats for Adult Dogs of All Sizes, Senior Dog Treats made with Real Beef, 16 oz. Resealable Pouch​ - 16 oz. Bag

Overview: Zuke’s Hip & Joint Beef Recipe delivers the same mobility-support formula as the peanut-butter version but swaps in real beef for dogs with poultry or nut sensitivities. The 16 oz. “value” pouch provides roughly 400 chewy, 14-calorie squares.

What Makes It Stand Out: You still score 300 mg glucosamine per ounce, yet the larger bag drops the per-pound price below most specialty joint biscuits. Beef-first formulation makes these acceptable for elimination-diet rotations that forbid chicken or lamb.

Value for Money: $17.99 per pound undercuts Cosequin chews and other vet-brand functional treats by 30-40%. For multi-dog households or large breeds that devour a 6 oz. pouch in a week, the bigger size is a no-brainer.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros – economical bulk size, red-meat flavor dogs crave, resealable, U.S. sourcing.
Cons – squares are bigger than Mini Naturals, so you may need scissors for small-breed training; beef aroma is potent; zip seal can fail if over-filled.

Bottom Line: A cost-effective way to combine daily joint support with everyday rewarding—especially if you burn through treats faster than a vet clinic burns through invoices.


9. Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Pet Treats made with Real Duck,16 oz. Resealable Pouch – 16 oz. Bag

Zuke’s Mini Naturals Dog Training Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Pet Treats made with Real Duck,16 oz. Resealable Pouch - 16 oz. Bag

Overview: Zuke’s Mini Naturals Duck Recipe scales the popular low-cal training bite into a 16 oz. pantry pack. Each morsel remains under two calories, making it ideal for long agility runs, scent-work drills, or simply slimming down a treat-addicted Beagle.

What Makes It Stand Out: Duck is a novel protein for many dogs, helping owners sidestep chicken or beef allergies during heavy reward sessions. Tart cherries and turmeric add natural anti-inflammatory hints without tipping the calorie scale.

Value for Money: $14.94 for a full pound brings the per-treat cost below three cents—cheaper than baking homemade liver brownies once you factor in time and electricity. Compared with the 6 oz. beef bag, you’re saving 20% by buying bulk.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros – novel protein, still pocket-sized, resealable, USA made, no fillers.
Cons – duck scent is pungent; tiny pieces can sift to the bottom creating powder; color variation between batches can confuse picky eaters.

Bottom Line: Serious trainers or multi-pet homes should skip the dainty pouches and go straight to this 1-lb. reservoir—your clicker hand will thank you.


10. Zuke’s Lil’ Links Dog Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Snacking Sausage Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats made with Real Chicken & Apple, 6 oz. Resealable Pouch​ – 6 oz. Bag

Zuke’s Lil’ Links Dog Treats for Dogs of All Sizes, Snacking Sausage Treats for Dogs, Pet Treats made with Real Chicken & Apple, 6 oz. Resealable Pouch​ - 6 oz. Bag

Overview: Zuke’s Lil’ Links reinvent training currency as miniature sausage links. The 6 oz. pouch houses plump, nickel-sized rounds made from real chicken and apple, delivering an 8-calorie chew that’s soft enough for seniors yet aromatic enough for distracted pups.

What Makes It Stand Out: Sausage shape invites a quick pinch into smaller portions, letting you stretch one link across multiple sits. Apple adds gentle fiber and a sweet note that balances the savory chicken without artificial flavors or colors.

Value for Money: $5.94 aligns with grocery-store jerkies that lack vitamins and sport triple the salt. You’re paying for human-grade muscle meat, a USA supply chain, and a resealable pouch that keeps links moist for months.

Strengths and Weaknesses:
Pros – tearable portion control, no wheat/corn/soy, low odor for indoor classes, appealing texture for toothless dogs.
Cons – higher calories mean fewer reps per session, links can fuse in hot cars, apple bits occasionally fall out during aggressive chewing.

Bottom Line: Perfect for owners who want a “high-value jackpot” treat that doesn’t require refrigeration or negotiation—just pinch, reward, and watch focus skyrocket.


Why the 2021 Zuke’s Recall Still Matters Today

The recall wasn’t driven by a catastrophic toxin; it was a “regulatory technicality” involving an unapproved preservative. Yet that nuance is precisely why it remains relevant: it exposed how quickly consumer trust erodes when a brand’s marketing narrative (“clean, wholesome, made in the USA”) misaligns with its supply-chain reality. If you train daily, even micro-exposures compound over a dog’s lifetime—so “almost safe” is no longer safe enough.

How to Decode FDA vs. AAFCO Language on Treat Bags

FDA regulates pet food under the same umbrella as animal feed, while AAFCO drafts model bills that states voluntarily adopt. Translation: an “AAFCO complete & balanced” kibble meets vitamin-minimum tables, but a “treat” can sidestep those rules by labeling itself “intermittent or supplemental.” Learn to spot the qualifier; it tells you the product was never formulated to be a dietary staple.

Red-Flag Ingredients That Sneak Into “Natural” Treats

“Natural smoke flavor,” “vegetable glycerin,” and “gelatinized starch” sound benign, yet each can mask preservatives or trans-fat carriers. Meanwhile, “mixed tocopherols (a source of vitamin E)” is perfectly acceptable—if it’s followed by a plant source. When the descriptor is vague, email the manufacturer for a spec sheet; silence is its own red flag.

Moisture Level and Water Activity: The Hidden Safety Metrics

Bacteria need available water, not just visible moisture. A jerky strip that feels dry to the touch can still harbor a_w values above 0.85—prime real estate for salmonella. Ask brands for third-party a_w certificates; anything under 0.70 is considered shelf-stable without chemical preservatives.

Single-Ingredient vs. Compound Rewards: Which Is Safer?

Single-ingredient freeze-dried meats have a smaller failure footprint—one supply chain, one HACCP plan, one possible contaminant vector. Compound treats (multiple proteins, binders, palatants) multiply risk but can offer lower calorie density. Your choice should hinge on the dog’s allergy profile and your own tolerance for complexity.

Country of Origin: Why “Made in the USA” Isn’t Enough

Country-of-origin rules allow ingredients sourced overseas, shipped to a U.S. co-packer, and still stamped “Made in the USA.” The critical phrase is “sourced and made.” If a company won’t provide country-level traceability for every ingredient, treat it as though it’s anonymous.

The Role of Third-Party Testing Certificates

NSF, SQF, and BRCGS certifications audit facilities, but they don’t test the finished product. Look instead for batch-specific Certificates of Analysis (COA) issued by an ISO-17025 lab. The COA should screen for pathogens, heavy metals, and rancidity markers like peroxide value.

Freeze-Dried, Air-Dried, or Dehydrated: Processing Pros and Cons

Freeze-drying retains the most amino acids but creates porous textures that reabsorb ambient moisture once the bag is opened. Air-drying at 160 °F knocks down pathogens yet can oxidize fats. Dehydration falls in the middle but often requires higher salt content for stability. Match the processing style to your climate and usage speed.

Calorie Density: Avoiding Accidental Over-Feeding

Training loads can hit 50–100 rewards per session. If each nugget is 3 kcal, you’ve fed a full meal without realizing it. Convert to “kcal per gram,” then weigh a day’s allotment into portioned snack-size bags so you can subtract those calories from dinner.

Allergen Cross-Contact Risks in Shared Facilities

Even single-ingredient chicken breast can pick up beef protein if the plant runs both species on the same line without validated clean-down protocols. The magic phrase is “dedicated allergen-free production room.” If the website omits that wording, assume shared equipment and cross-contact potential.

Sustainable Packaging and Treat Rancidity

Oxidation accelerates once the factory seal is cracked. Vacuum-packed, nitrogen-flushed, resealable pouches with an oxygen scavenger sachet extend shelf life more than recyclable paper tubes that look eco-friendly but breathe. Sustainability matters, but not at the expense of rancid fats—those free radicals stress your dog’s cells as much as yours.

How to Build a Rotational Treat Plan for Long-Term Safety

Rotational feeding isn’t just for kibble. Alternating proteins and brands dilutes chronic exposure to any one possible contaminant. Keep a simple spreadsheet: date opened, lot number, protein, supplier. When a future recall hits, you’ll know in seconds whether your pantry is affected.

Emergency Recall Checklist Every Owner Should Bookmark

  1. Sign up for FDA e-mail alerts.
  2. Photograph every lot code the moment you open a bag.
  3. Store receipts digitally; many refunds require proof of purchase.
  4. Follow the “one-click” recall pages of each brand you use.
  5. Know your state’s feed-control official; they often publish recalls before the national press does.

Budgeting for Premium Treats Without Breaking the Bank

Buy bulk single-ingredient meat in season, dice it, and freeze-dry at home with a countertop unit. Initial hardware costs pay for themselves after three 2-lb batches when compared with boutique retail prices. If DIY isn’t realistic, team up with training classmates to split 5-lb case packs direct from the processor.

Transitioning Dogs From Recalled Brands to New Rewards

Sudden swaps can trigger GI upset, not because the new treat is unsafe but because the microbiome needs 5–7 days to adapt. Start with a 25% new / 75% old ratio by calorie, not by volume, and step up in 25% increments while monitoring stool quality. Keep a few kibbles of the dog’s regular food in the mix to anchor the gut.

Frequently Asked Questions

  1. How long after opening do freeze-dried treats stay safe?
    If stored below 70 °F and under 60% humidity, use within 30 days for peak safety; discard at the first whiff of rancid fat.

  2. Are “human-grade” treats automatically safer?
    Not necessarily—human-grade refers to supply-chain standards, not absence of pathogens; always verify COAs.

  3. Can I microwave recalled treats to kill bacteria?
    Heat can reduce microbial load but won’t neutralize toxins or chemical residues; dispose of recalled products entirely.

  4. What’s the safest protein for dogs with sensitive stomachs?
    Single-ingredient turkey or rabbit, freeze-dried, usually presents the lowest allergenic load; introduce gradually.

  5. Do small-batch brands test less frequently than large ones?
    Often true; request batch-specific lab results regardless of company size.

  6. Is it safe to buy treats from subscription box services?
    Only if the service discloses lot numbers and COAs upfront; otherwise you lose traceability.

  7. How can I tell if a treat has gone rancid?
    Smell for paint-like or fishy odors, feel for a tacky surface, and watch for dogs hesitating—noses know first.

  8. Should I avoid all treats with “natural flavor”?
    “Natural flavor” can be a proprietary mix; email the maker for the source species and preservative used.

  9. Can I train effectively without commercial treats?
    Absolutely—kibble, boiled meat, or veggie pieces work if they’re high-value to your individual dog.

  10. What’s the first step if my dog shows signs after eating a new treat?
    Discontinue immediately, save the remaining product and packaging, photograph the lot code, and call your vet with the COA in hand.

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